![]() Typology Īccording to National School of Anthropology and History (ENAH) archaeologist Marco Cervera Obregón, there were two versions of this weapon: The macuahuitl, about 70 to 80 centimetres (28 to 31 in) long with six to eight blades on each side and the mācuāhuitzōctli, a smaller club about 50 centimetres (20 in) long with only four obsidian blades. ![]() Two-handed macuahuitl have been described as being "as tall as a man". The macuahuitl was made with either a one-handed or two-handed grip, as well as in rectangular, ovoid, or pointed forms. It was noted by the Spanish that the macuahuitl was so cleverly constructed that the blades could be neither pulled out nor broken. The rows of obsidian blades were sometimes discontinuous, leaving gaps along the side, while at other times the rows were set close together and formed a single edge. Īccording to the research of historian Marco Cervera Obregón, the sharp pieces of obsidian, each about 3 cm long, were attached to the flat paddle with a natural adhesive, bitumen. Based on his research, historian John Pohl indicates that the length was just over a meter, although other models were larger, and intended for use with both hands. Each warrior is brandishing a macuahuitl.Īccording to conquistador Bernal Díaz del Castillo, the macuahuitl was 0.91 to 1.22 m long, and 75 mm wide, with a groove along either edge, into which sharp-edged pieces of flint or obsidian were inserted and firmly fixed with an adhesive. ![]() Aztec warriors as shown in the 16th-century Florentine Codex (Vol. Historian John Pohl defines the weapon as a "kind of a saw sword". The macuahuitl is not specifically a sword or a club, although it approximates a European broadsword. These could be knapped into blades or spikes, or into a circular design that looked like scales. It was capable of inflicting serious lacerations from the rows of obsidian blades embedded in its sides. Its sides are embedded with prismatic blades traditionally made from obsidian (volcanic glass) obsidian is capable of producing an edge sharper than high-quality steel razor blades. Other military equipment recorded includes the round shield ( chīmalli, ), the bow ( tlahuītōlli, ), and the spear-thrower ( ahtlatl, ). It was noted during the 16th-century Spanish conquest of the region. The maquahuitl ( Classical Nahuatl: māccuahuitl, other orthographic variants include mākkwawitl and mācquahuitl plural māccuahuimeh), a type of macana, was a common weapon used by the Aztec military forces and other cultures of central Mexico. The original specimen was destroyed by a fire in 1884. The oldest replica is the macuahuitl created by the medievalist Achille Jubinal in the 19th century.ĭescription A drawing from the Catalog of the Royal Armoury of Madrid by the medievalist Achille Jubinal in the 19th century. Images of the original designs survive in diverse catalogues. One example of this weapon survived the Conquest of the Aztec Empire it was part of the Royal Armoury of Madrid until it was destroyed by a fire in 1884. The weapon was used by different civilisations including the Aztec (Mexicas), Olmec, Maya, Mixtec, Toltec, and Tarascans. By the time of the Spanish conquest the macuahuitl was widely distributed in Mesoamerica. Use of the macuahuitl as a weapon is attested from the first millennium CE, although specimens can be found in art dating to at least pre-classic times. The macuahuitl was a standard close combat weapon. Obsidian is capable of producing an edge sharper than high quality steel razor blades. Its sides are embedded with prismatic blades traditionally made from obsidian. The name is derived from the Nahuatl language and means "hand-wood". ![]() Mesoamerican civilizations, including AztecsĪ macuahuitl ( ) is a weapon, a wooden club with several embedded obsidian blades. A modern recreation of two ceremonial macuahuitl based on codices.įormative stage to Post-Classic stage (900 BCE–AD 1570) ![]()
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![]() It takes less than 24 hours before Ponyville is literally on fire.ĭue to a typo on her permit to build a new barn, and the meddling of a recalcitrant bureaucrat, Applejack is stuck running a bar, at least until Mayor Mare gets back to town. It's for this reason that Celestia has seen fit to bestow upon Applejack that highest of honors. But the thing she's most known for is having a really incredible set of eyebrows. What is this herculean task that not even Applejack can overcome?Īpplejack is known for a lot of things: being honest, being strong, loving her family. So why was Applejack absent at the dining table today, of all days? Little does the rest of the family know, Applejack's a lot closer than they think – she's in her bedroom, nervously pacing around and building up the courage to perform the single hardest thing she's ever done. The result? More fancy parties than you can shake a candy apple at!Īpplejack has never missed a meal on purpose before, let alone a Pie Day dinner – that glorious day of the week serving Granny's famed hot, fresh apple pie. But when she gives Applejack a hair style treatment in return, the apple farmer lets her accent slip from southern drawl to sophisticated Manehattenite. ![]() When Rarity is overwhelmed with making designs for an agriculture exhibition, she turns to Applejack for advice. ![]() ![]() ![]() The popular Crash Zone Pre-Show Party is back and will begin 2-1/2 hours before every performance. Event performances will also feature a special appearance from the car-eating, fire-breathing transforming robot MEGASAURUS, and the high-flyers of Hot Wheels Monster Trucks Live, Freestyle Motocross! Fans will experience exciting show action and fuel-injected playfulness with over-the-top smashing, crashing, and epic monster truck competitions and battles! Hot Wheels Monster Trucks Live continues to bring audiences the only opportunity to see real-life versions of the famous Hot Wheels monster trucks toys including returning favorites Bone Shaker™, Tiger Shark, V8 Bomber™, and Demo Derby. Her addition will create an inclusive, powerful, and memorable experience for the whole family. Returning show host Freddie Sheppard will team up alongside a new co-host, Marny Florence. Lastly, Race Ace™ will join as another new monster truck to the event series, boding an iconic Fans will also be introduced to Rebecca Schnell, the first woman to join the tour and driver of the new Midwest Madness™, a first-ever collaboration between Hot Wheels and Bigfoot®. Driven by new driver, Rick Steffens, this addition to the tour is sure to be a favorite. The popular family entertainment tour is going BIG in its return with the debut of several new faces and three epic trucks! The all-new Mega Wrex™ towers with its 12-foot dinosaur design, bolstering 1800 horsepower to crush the competition. Starting September 18 at the Toyota Center in Ontario, Calif., fans of all ages will enjoy an exciting new and expanded lineup of epic monster trucks as they experience the thrill of watching the iconic Hot Wheels monster truck toys come to life in a full-size, kid-focused, immersive Hot Wheels® experience. EL SEGUNDO, Calif.-( BUSINESS WIRE)-Hot Wheels Monster Trucks Live is kicking off its return to live events with new trucks and drivers in an upcoming 10-stop tour across the US. ![]() ![]() ![]() These data indicate that patients with lattice degeneration with or without round holes are not at significant risk of subsequent retinal detachment without a previous retinal detachment in either eye. Clinical retinal detachments developed in three of the 423 eyes.5 Two were due to round retinal holes in lattice lesions of patients in their mid-twenties and one was due to a symptomatic tractional tear. ![]() Six other eyes developed new subclinical retinal detachments during follow-up. Byer studied 423 eyes with lattice degeneration in 276 patients over a period averaging almost 11 years.5 Of these, 150 eyes (35%) had atrophic holes in the lattice, and 10 of these 150 had subretinal fluid extending more than one disc diameter from the break. Generally, however, atrophic round holes within lattice lesions and minimal subretinal fluid do not require treatment. Treatment should be considered if the detachments are documented to increase in size.4,5 Younger myopic patients who have lattice degeneration with round holes need regular follow-up visits, because they can develop small, localized retinal detachments, which occasionally slowly enlarge to become clinical retinal detachments. Lattice degeneration can cause RRD by two mechanisms, including either round holes without PVD or tractional tears associated with PVD. ![]() The early diagnosis of a retinal detachment is also important because the rate of successful reattachment is higher and the visual results are better if detachment spares the macula.1,2 Successful treatment allows patients to maintain their abilities to read, work, drive, care for themselves, and enjoy a better quality of life.3 Lattice Degeneration The treatment of breaks/lattices before a significant detachment has occurred usually prevents progression, is uncomplicated and results in excellent vision. Currently, more than 95% of RRDs can be successfully repaired, although more than one procedure may be required. Because spontaneous reattachment is exceedingly rare, nearly all patients with asymptomatic RRD will progressively lose vision unless the detachment is repaired. Precursors to retinal detachments are PVD, symptomatic retinal breaks, asymptomatic retinal breaks, lattice degeneration, and cystic and zonular traction retinal tufts. Natural history of precursors to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Manage patients at high risk of developing retinal detachmentĮducate high-risk patients about symptoms of PVD, retinal breaks, and retinal detachments and about the need for periodic follow-up. GOALS of identifying the patients with risk of RD are:Įxamine patients with symptoms of acute PVD to detect and treat significant retinal breaks ![]() ![]() ![]() The best states to find quartz in the U.S. If you want to start searching for quartz specimens in the U.S., you are lucky! There are several states where this mineral is usually found. Gem-quality quartz specimens are beautiful, and certain types of quartz are more valuable than others. Where Are Quartz Crystals Found in the U.S.?Īlthough quartz is common, it doesn’t mean it’s worthless. Find out how the quartz is formed and its varieties in the article below:įorming of Quartz Crystals & Its Varieties Explained by PRO Where Are Quartz Crystals Found in the U.S.? The Best Locations TIP: Quartz is the second most abundant mineral found in Earth’s crust. Since quartz is so common, you may find it in several regions. In that case, there may still be quartz in the area moved/displaced by other geologic phenomena. Suppose the necessary elements and conditions for their formation aren’t present. Gravels, streams, creeks, and rivers, are all common environments where you may find quartz. The more volcanic history an area has, the higher the chances you will find quartz specimens, especially crystals. Quartz is also commonly found in mediums such as road cuts, outcrops, or pegmatites. Mines and quarries near mountains are also excellent in unearthing quartz. Quarries, although covering many shallow depths, will also often reveal quartz specimens. ![]() The more a mine goes underground, the higher the chances it will stumble upon quartz specimens. Quartz minerals and crystals are often uncovered in mines, mine dumps, pits and quarries. Let’s talk about a couple of them: Mines, Mine Dumps, Pits, and Quarries There are plenty of environments where quartz is commonly found. Quartz is often found in creeks, exposures, gravels, streams, outcrops, mines, pegmatites, pits, road cuts, or quarries. Quartz also forms in silica-rich water, as the silicon dioxide dissolves under high temperatures and pressures. The slower the cooling process, the larger the crystals will grow. In igneous rocks, quartz occurs when magma cools down. ![]() If you have ever heard of silicon dioxide, well, quartz is its crystalline form. It is among the most common minerals in the world. Quartz occurs in igneous rocks or environments with geothermal waters in the earth’s crust. If you want to find quartz near you, you need to understand how this mineral forms. Where to Find Quartz Near Me (Most Common Environments) If you are interested in checking out the best books about rock and minerals identification you can find them by clicking here (Amazon link). Here is everything you need to know about quartz and quartz crystals! Alabama also designated its star blue quartz as its official gemstone in 1990. Georgia designated quartz as its official gemstone in 1976, while New Hampshire designated smoky quartz as its official gemstone in 1985. Arkansas designated quartz as its official mineral only one year later, in 1967. South Dakota designated rose quartz as its official mineral in 1966. that five states designated it as their official mineral or gemstone. They usually form in igneous rocks or geothermal waters. Among the most popular quartz states include North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Georgia, Arkansas, New Hampshire, and South Dakota. Some are more abundant in minerals, others in crystals. Quartz minerals and crystals are found in the majority of U.S. They range in shape and color from blue, rose, black, white, grey, brown, and every shade of the rainbow. Quartz crystals and minerals are among the most popular items collected by rockhounds worldwide. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases with no additional costs for you. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The rules became so lenient that anyone who received $150,000 or less - which accounts for more than 90% of all borrowers - could get the full loan amount forgiven just by promising they had used the money correctly. That recommendation proved wise, because Congress weakened PPP forgiveness criteria over time.įor example, the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act, signed into law by President Trump in June 2020, gave some borrowers full forgiveness even if they didn't fully restore their workforce: A company could offer a laid-off employee a job, and even if the employee turned it down, the company was still credited with maintaining worker head count. "But you do have it as a safety net available to you in case your business does take a massive hit." "Then, if you don't need the money, you can always just pay back the loan," Lichatin explained. Some banking professionals, including Lichatin, advised their customers to accept the funding, put it in a separate account, and wait to use it until the rules became more clear. That confusion posed a dilemma for many companies: Should they take the money if they might have to pay it back? continue to emerge at a brisk pace, often updating previous guidance." One consulting firm issued a client advisory with the headline "Fast and furious: The rules for the PPP. ![]() At one point, the SBA published a list of frequently asked questions on loan forgiveness that was 11 pages long. but a lot of the details were very unclear to businesses and banks."Īs the program evolved, its rules became increasingly complicated, and even experts struggled to make sense of them. "The SBA really rushed to get this program out there, which I think they should be commended for. "It was entirely unclear at the beginning," said Eric Lichatin, a commercial loan officer at Centreville Bank in Rhode Island, which was inundated by calls from customers wanting PPP loans. But what it would take later to qualify for forgiveness was hazy. In the frenzied early days of COVID, as PPP was created in great haste to keep businesses from potentially collapsing, the loans were simple to get: Companies simply had to pledge that the economic threat of the pandemic made the funding necessary. Their responses involved copious finger-pointing, blame-shifting and buck-passing, making accountability elusive.ĭuring the COVID shutdowns in March 2020, an employee visits a closed Converse shoe store in Phoenix. We spoke with numerous bankers, economists and government officials under former President Donald Trump and President Biden - since the program spanned both administrations - to find out why loan forgiveness was so lenient, especially after the highly publicized misuse of the program. NPR dissected the decision-making behind the Paycheck Protection Program that led to it being widely seen as a massive government giveaway. An unknown additional number of loans went to companies that didn't need PPP funding to survive the pandemic.Īnd although the Justice Department and other federal agencies have up to 10 years to prosecute pandemic fraud, the SBA's inspector general has called that pursuit a "pay-and-chase" situation unlikely to recover much money. The SBA disputes those findings, but its own inspector general has estimated that at least 70,000 loans are potentially fraudulent. "The PPP program seems to have resulted in billions of dollars of fraudulent loans that have ultimately turned into grants," said Samuel Kruger, an assistant professor of finance at the University of Texas at Austin who co-authored a paper estimating that $64 billion of the nearly $800 billion in loans issued show signs of fraud, such as suspiciously high payrolls and multiple businesses listed at the same home address. Investigations Virtually all PPP loans have been forgiven with limited scrutiny ![]() ![]() Free online EML to DOCX conversion has other restrictions: on the file size, on the number of conversions per day, priority and time limits.Bulk email conversion is a paid option and takes much time, attention and Internet traffic.Online conversion requires a stable Internet connection.Take care not to put your interests at risk and harm your correspondence partners. Therefore you need to be very careful when using this method. By converting messages online, you are transferring data to third parties.In practice, online email conversion has important aspects: You only need to drag the EML file to the online converter window and download the ready DOCX file. Online conversion of EML to DOCX format looks easy: in most cases it's free and quite simple. How to convert EML to Word DOC / DOCX online When working with a large number of emails, it is long and inconvenient to open and save messages one by one.If the message contains complex formatting, such as external images, special fonts, or charts, you could lose those elements and spend a lot of time restoring the document to its original form.Copying an email to Word document with this method, you only save the text of the message, with no header or attachments.And this method has important limitations: ![]() You certainly cannot open EMLX files in Word. However, not all types of EML files can be opened in Word. To transfer an email from EML to DOC or DOCX for Word, you can try opening it with Word and re-save it in DOCX / DOC format. When you need to edit a document, you will most likely use the familiar Microsoft Word editor. How to copy EML emails to Word documents manually DOCX files can contain original formatted text, images, icons, hyperlinks and other additional elements. DOCX extension applies to all kinds of documents: letters, invitations, reports, etc. Most often Microsoft Word uses the DOCX file format. Then one can view and edit the emails without an Internet connection or any email application. However, users often want to save EML messages in the even more widely used Microsoft Word Document format. This format is used by many email clients: How do I convert EML emails to Word documents?ĮML e-mail message file format is one of the most widespread email formats. Contains a separate command line application to convert emails to Word documents using batch scripts and schedules.Includes or excludes additional recipient addresses from the resulting Word document.Allows you to customize the margin size in the final Word document.Saves attachments and external images from the original EML messages.Automatically organizes created Word documents into folders within a specified directory: by date of creation or conversion date, sender or recipient data, subject, and other criteria.Maintains the original hierarchy of folders with EML files to convert.Supports all versions of EML and EMLX files created in any email client using the EML file format.After conversion you can edit the resulting DOCX files in Microsoft Word and remove unnecessary data, such as confidential information or unwanted links. Converts emails from EML to DOCX format.To do this, simply download the required PDF via the download link Download PDF. We would say, it's a PDF bluff package - however, you do not want the content from the PDF, rather from the image! So the method is not PDF2Word, rather OCR2Word.Īll examples can be tested with the sample version. ![]() * A scan to PDF simply embedds an image into the PDF. You may NOT be able to produce editable Word documents if one of the following conditions applies: We find - a real advantage over other online converters on the Internet! Or not?Ĭurrent Release: FREEWARE Version 1.3.0 (, ready for Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11) The conversion is guaranteed to take place offline, on your system, protecting your documents. Another important note: Your documents remain on your PC. We will continue to work together with you to improve the PDF2Word Converter. We hope you like the faithful conversion of your PDF files into the MS Word format. Use our PDF to Word Converter for daily work in the office, on the school or at work to make PDF documents editable with Microsoft Word. Below are a few conversion examples for illustration. The PDF to Word converter is programmed with one of the latest and most powerful converter technologies on the market. Imported PDF tables can subsequently also be re-edited by copying & pasting from Word into Excel. Table contents are also converted with the layout reproduced faithfully, together with images and formatting and much more besides. Our first class FREEWARE PDF TO WORD CONVERTER lets you convert PDF documents to Word, OpenOffice and Libreoffice to make (re-)editing the PDF content with these trusted Office applications child's play - and all this with outstanding accuracy! ![]() ![]() In Diablo II, each class was made unique complete with unique skillsets for each class as well as many new gameplay options. Īmazon, Necromancer, Barbarian, Sorceress, Paladin (from left to right). With nothing left save vengeance, the hero would track them to a crypt with a labyrinth beneath it before descending into the depths. In this version, the hero lost his family and home to raiders. In the original design document for the game, the player character had a set backstory. The division of the character into the warrior, rogue, and sorcerer archetypes occurred late during development. It has been stated that it was originally intended that the game would only have a single class (represented by the warrior), where players could distribute attributes to their liking and thus take the character in whatever direction they wanted. Ī different take on the characters also existed prior to the game's release. The idea of sub-classes was also mentioned. The player could also choose a pre-set character, skipping the character creation process. After making the choice, the game would provide the character with basic statistics in the form of strength, magical aptitude, dexterity, and vitality. The magician would be able to choose from one of four schools of magic. All the characters would be able to use weapons and cast spells, but advantages would exist based on the nature of the class-the fighter would gain more attacks, the thief would move faster and have stealth advantages, and the magician would be able to cast more powerful spells. The player would then have a choice of class, namely fighter, thief, or magician. 5-6 human races would be offered (hill people, forest people, etc.), each with advantages and disadvantages. In the original design document, the player would be presented with a choice of class and race. ![]() This article contains information that is no longer relevant to gameplay, but is kept here for informational purposes.Īt least two conceptions of the game's class system existed prior to the final version that was implemented in the game. The three heroes appeared in Diablo II under the monikers of the Dark Wanderer, the Summoner, and Blood Raven respectively. All three worked together to defeat Diablo, while it was Aidan specifically who plunged Diablo's soulstone into his forehead. Lore Ĭanonically, the Warrior, Sorcerer, and Rogue have been given the names of Aidan, Jazreth, and Moreina respectively. They are only made available by editing certain game files. Note: The Barbarian and the Bard are test classes. Bard - A jack-of-many-trades who can dual-wield weapons.Barbarian - A more powerful version of the Warrior, he gave up whatever magical ability he had in order to excel in all kinds of physical weapons.Monk - The master of hand-to-hand combat, and has the ability to see things that were out of reach or too well blended in with the environment.Only the Monk's official artwork can be seen here. But soon, two more unfinished classes were found in the game files. In Diablo: Hellfire, only one class was added, the Monk. Sorcerer - The magic user, the perfect candidate to learn all the spells in the game, with maximum magic and the ability to recharge his staves.ĭiablo II: Resurrected Review - Pile Of Old Bones.Rogue - The fast and deadly ranged fighter, she could lay siege to her enemies from a distance, and also disarm traps in the labyrinth. ![]() ![]() Warrior - The staple melee fighter had the maximum strength out of the three and could repair his own items.Each only had one unique skill, but provided many differences in graphics, attribute distribution, and voice-overs. In Diablo I, each class had much more in common than in subsequent games. Discuss your favorite titles, find a new one to play or share the game you developed.Artwork for Diablo I classes from left to right, the Sorcerer, Warrior and Rogue. ![]() ![]() ![]() Full disclosure: I provided pro bono narration for the re-mastered version of the movie.īut before we get to the film, a few words about the magnificent setting: the cab of perhaps the ultimate Hudson. They are also the custodians of Santa Fe 4-6-4 3463, displayed in Topeka and sister to our movie engine. The video was buried for years in the archives of the Kansas Historical Society until it was rediscovered by the Coalition for Sustainable Rail (CSR) (a Duluth (Minn.)-based organization dedicated to historic rail preservation and the development of sustainable locomotive fuels. It’s called Operation of Steam Locomotive ( ), a short movie produced by the Santa Fe in the early 1940s and featuring a wild ride aboard a truly elite locomotive, 4-6-4 Hudson No. I can recommend just such a video, without reservation. What about riding with a steam crew under real-life circumstances, under the pressure of a timetable, sharing the railroad with other trains, at the very limit of the speed restriction? But current ones are generally made under the controlled circumstances of excursions or short trips around the yard. There are always cab-ride videos, of course, which give you a taste of the experience. Operators of today’s big engines don’t exactly invite people into the cab on a whim, and the occasional “engineer-for-an-hour” experience doesn’t come cheaply. Abbey photo.One of the top items on any railfan bucket list is also mighty difficult to get: a ride on a mainline steam locomotive. 3464, its stack extension raised, eases off the bridge at Chillicothe, Ill., heading west with train 23, the Grand Canyon, in 1951. ![]() ![]() More slots may be added in later on as they are confirmed. The gas mask pipe was made for parties and pure fun. The slots shown here are the ones we have been able to confirm exist for higher tier versions of the clothing item. Dont Let a wisp of smoke escape Our Gas Mask Bong will make you the life of the party. These numbers may be updated in the future Available Mod Slots Mod Slots Note that the stats shown here are the highest values that we have been able to confirm so far available to this clothing item. You basically strap yourself into a gas mask, fill it with weed smoke, and create your own mini hot box. 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Created by Washington State-based growers Pacific NW Roots, Gas Mask is a cross between Cherry Pie and a specific phenotype of Alien Kush. ![]() |
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